Diagnostics of malfunctions

The description of diagnostics of electronic control systems and diagnostic codes are resulted in the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine.

In the given Section the most simple scheme of finding-out of the reasons of malfunctions and the refusals occurring in knots and systems of a vehicle is offered. Refusals and their possible reasons are broken into groups on the basis of the relation to certain components or car systems as, for example the engine, cooling system, etc., besides, in the text are given the references concerning given problems.

Remember that successful end of search of causes of defect at all is not the black magic accessible to only skilled professional mechanics, and is defined by a combination of certain knowledge and the patient, regular approach to problem research. To move always follows from simple to difficult, to lead up each check to the logic end, and to try not to pass the obvious facts - everyone can forget to fill fuel in a fuel tank or to leave for the night included lighting devices.

And at last, always it is necessary to try to make an accurate picture of development of malfunction and to undertake corresponding steps on relapse prevention. If refusal of an electric equipment was the result of infringement of quality of contact, check up at the same time a condition of all other contacts and electric sockets of system. If the same safety lock some times continues to fuse successively, there is no sense in its further replacement - it is necessary to try to find out a cause of a failure. Remember that failure of a minor component can be a sign of infringement of functioning of more important knot or the whole system.

The engine

To define, whether the spark is developed, it is necessary to turn out candles, to insert into tips and separately to put to weight. Thus a tip or a cable of ignition do not hold hands, and use well isolated nippers. Ask the assistant to start the engine. If the spark is absent, address to the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine.

Procedures of diagnostics of an electronic control system and codes of malfunctions are resulted in the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine.

Engine start

All engines

- Manual transmission: Tighten a lay brake, completely squeeze out a pedal of coupling and hold it. A check point establish in neutral position. The switched off coupling facilitates engine start, especially at low external temperatures since thus there is no friction from outside a check point.

- Automatic transmission: Establish the selector in position Р or N. Press a pedal of a brake and hold it.

Do not include a starter more than 30 with continuous, the starter and cables otherwise overheat.

The petrol engine

Turn the ignition key and include a starter, without giving thus gas. As soon as the engine will earn, release a key. If during 5 about the engine it is not started, press a pedal of gas a little and again repeat start. If the engine is not started or at once stops, repeat start with half squeezed out pedal of gas and if start with completely squeezed out pedal of gas is required still. At the hot engine a pedal of gas during start slowly squeeze out. Necessarily at once begin movement, only at a strong frost allow to the engine to get warm during 30 with.



Unsuccessful attempts of start of the engine following one after another can harm каталитическому to the converter since not burnt down gasoline gets to it and at heating blows up.

The diesel engine

If the fuel tank has been completely emptied, process of start after refuelling lasts longer (to 1 mines) since air from fuel system thus leaves.

- On the warm engine preheat is not required. Start the engine at once, without giving some gas.

The engine is not turned at start attempts

Corrosion of plugs of the battery or ослабло fastening on them of tips of wires takes place. Check up a condition of plugs and tips. Tighten клеммные clips, if necessary remove corrosion traces. The battery is discharged or faulty. If tips of wires are found pure and reliably fixed on battery plugs, turn the ignition key in position ON, then include headlights and-or windscreen cleaners. If the given electric equipment does not function, the battery is discharged. Transmission it is inexact it is established in position “Р”. Conducting in a chain of system of start or ослабло fastening of wires on plugs is torn off. Check up a condition of wires, plugs and electric sockets of the battery, the traction relay of a starter and the ignition lock. The starter gear wheel is jammed in a gear wreath приводного a disk. Try to turn the engine for a pulley crankshaftа. At the first possibility remove a starter and check up a condition of a gear wheel and a gear wreath. The traction relay of a starter (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) is faulty. The starter (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) is faulty. The ignition lock is faulty.

The engine is turned, but not started

Start is incorrectly made (Address to the materials presented above). It is faulty or is not disconnected иммобилизатор the engine. The safety lock is faulty:
The electric fuel pump; Electronic system of injection.
Concerning check of safety locks address to the Head the Onboard electric equipment. Empty fuel tank or poor-quality fuel is filled in. The air filter is strongly polluted. Vacuum leaks in elements of giving of air, malfunction in a control system of injection of fuel and ignition take place. The battery (the engine is turned too slowly) is discharged. Check up electric equipment functioning (address to the previous Section). Корродированы клеммные connections of the battery or ослабло their fastening (address to the previous Section). The fuel pump is faulty, has fused its safety lock or the pump relay is damaged. Check up on hearing noise of work of the pump at ignition inclusion (the Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases). Components of system of ignition (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) are damaged or excessively humidified. Spark plugs are worn out or faulty or the candle backlash (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) is incorrectly exposed. Conducting of an electric contour of system of start or ослабло fastening of wires on plugs (address to the previous Section) is torn off or disconnected. Conducting of a contour of the coil of ignition or ослабло fastening of wires on coil plugs (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) is torn off or disconnected. The safety lock of the block of engine management is damaged, is faulty any of gauges: the Hall, the pulse gauge, the gauge of temperature of a cooling liquid or soaked up air (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine). Too low pressure of a compression. Replace a sealing lining of a head of cylinders. If necessary repair the engine.

The diesel engine

Start is incorrectly made. It is faulty иммобилизатор the engine. The safety lock is faulty:
The electric fuel pump; Preheat systems.
The engine is not heated-up: проверьтеисправность functioning of the device of preheat. On electromagnetic запорном the valve there is no pressure. Connect to the switch the voltmeter or a sampler on a light-emitting diode. Include ignition. The light-emitting diode should light up. Otherwise it is necessary to find breakage of electroconducting and to eliminate it. It is faulty electromagnetic запорный the valve. Check up reliability of fastening of the electromagnetic switch, check up contacts. Switch on and off ignition. In the switch click should be distributed. Damage to a line of giving of fuel or air to lines takes place:
Pipelines or hoses are mechanically damaged or littered. Clear fuel pipelines and remove air from lines and the filter. The fuel filter is littered. Replace filtering element. In the winter it is necessary to check up the filter and pipelines on ice or wax presence. Put the car in heated garage, add in gasoline system. Ventilation of a tank or the mesh filter топливозаборника is littered. Clean.
Adjustment of the beginning of giving of fuel is brought down. Check up, make updating. Atomizers are faulty. Check up. Turn on consistently накидные nuts - at отворачивании nuts of the faulty cylinder engine turns will not fall. The fuel pump of a high pressure (ТНВД) is faulty. Establish for check new, or obviously serviceable ТНВД. Too low pressure of a compression. Replace a sealing lining of a head of cylinders. If necessary repair the engine.

The starter functions without проворачивания the engine

The starter gear wheel is jammed. Remove a starter (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) and check up its condition. Teeth of a gear wheel of a starter or flywheel wreath are worn out or damaged.

Start of the cold engine is complicated

The battery is discharged or insufficiently charged. Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of an electric equipment of the engine) takes place. Paraffin in the filter of thin clearing of the diesel engine. Replace a filter element. Fill winter fuel, or dilute низкоoctaneым with gasoline. Candles накаливания the diesel engine are faulty

Start of the hot engine is complicated

The air filter (the Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases) is blocked. Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of an electric equipment of the engine) takes place. Fuel does not reach injectors of system of injection (the Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases). The corner of an advancing of giving of fuel of the diesel engine has got off. Low compression in cylinders, it is faulty or disadjusted ТНВД the diesel engine.

Starter gearing occurs is too noisy or with difficulty

Teeth of a gear wheel of a starter or flywheel wreath are worn out or damaged. Bolts of fastening of a starter or ослабло effort of their tightening are lost.

The engine is started, but immediately глохнет

It is faulty иммобилизатор the engine. Electroconducting or ослабло fastening of wires on coil or generator plugs is faulty. Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of an electric equipment of the engine) takes place. Base installations of the block of electronic control (ЕСМ) are broken. Damage to system of release/kataliticheskom the converter. Depression losses through прокладочные surfaces of the inlet pipeline or the block of injection of fuel take place. Make sure of reliability of an inhaling of fixing bolts/nuts, check up the fact and quality of fastening on the unions on the inlet pipeline of all vacuum hoses. Check up a condition of hoses and correctness of their connection (to the unions).

Stability of work of the engine on single turns is broken

Leaks in an inlet air path take place. Make sure of reliability of an inhaling of fixing bolts/nuts, check up the fact and quality of fastening on the unions on the inlet pipeline of all vacuum hoses. Hear to the working engine by means of a stethoscope or a piece of a fuel hose. Presence of a hissing sound will allow to reveal a source of "leak" of vacuum. Not less effectively it is possible to take advantage for check by a solution of soap water. Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of an electric equipment of the engine) takes place.
Serviceability of activation of an injector and the control of duration of injection is broken. Leaks through injectors/infringements of a stream of dispersion of fuel take place at injection. It is faulty докаталитический a ljambda-probe 1. Ignition low voltage.
The valve of system of operated ventilation картера (the Head the Engine) is blocked. It is jammed, or supposes leaks valve EGR. The air filter (the Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases) is blocked. The fuel pump does not provide giving of enough of fuel to injectors of system of injection (the Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases). Leaks through a lining of a head of cylinders take place. Make measurement компрессионного pressure in engine cylinders. Camshaft cams (the Head the Engine) are worn out.

The diesel engine

Quality of connections of fuel hoses on ТНВД and the fuel filter is broken. Replace fuel hoses, fix their collars, tighten screws of angular connections. It is mechanically damaged or ослабло fastening ТНВД. Check up fastening. Are mixed by junctions of the returnable pipeline and the pipeline of giving of fuel. Connections put on the places. The screw of connection of the returnable pipeline has marks “OUT”. Damage to a line of giving of fuel takes place:
Pipelines or hoses are mechanically damaged or littered. Clear fuel pipelines. The fuel filter is littered. Replace filtering element. In the winter it is necessary to check up the filter and pipelines on ice or wax presence. Put the car in heated garage, add in gasoline system. Ventilation of a tank or the mesh filter топливозаборника is littered. Clean.
Adjustment of the beginning of giving of fuel is brought down. Check up, make updating. Atomizers are faulty. Check up. Turn on consistently накидные nuts - at отворачивании nuts of the faulty cylinder engine turns will not fall. The fuel pump of a high pressure (ТНВД) is faulty. Establish for check new, or obviously serviceable ТНВД.

Ignition admissions take place at engine work on single turns

Spark plugs are worn out or polluted or the candle backlash (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) is incorrectly exposed. Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of an electric equipment of the engine) takes place.
Ignition low voltage; the measuring instrument of weight of air MAF is faulty.
Wires of spark plugs (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) are faulty. Bad quality fuel is filled. The fuel filter is hammered. Depression losses in the inlet pipeline or through шланговые connections take place. Insufficient, or unequal компрессионное pressure in cylinders. Make compression measurement (the Head the Engine). Infringements in work of a control system as the engine take place.

Ignition admissions take place at car movement on transfer

The fuel filter is blocked or power supply system pollution (the Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases) takes place. Spark plugs are faulty or polluted or the candle backlash (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) is incorrectly exposed. Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of an electric equipment of the engine) takes place. Defect of candle wires (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) takes place. Components of systems of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases are faulty. There is not enough or неравномернораспределено between cylinders компрессионное pressure. Remove spark plugs and make measurement компрессионного pressure (the Head the Engine). The ignition system (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) is faulty. Depression losses on the throttle case, the inlet pipeline or through vacuum hoses take place.

The engine глохнет

Adjustment of turns of idling is broken. The fuel filter is blocked and-or the moisture or a dirt has got to the power supply system (the Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases). Refusal a component of the power supply system or gauges (the Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases) takes place. Components of systems of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases are faulty. Spark plugs are faulty or polluted or the candle backlash (the Head Current leaving and service) is incorrectly exposed. Also check up a condition of candle wires (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine). Depression losses on the case of a throttle or through vacuum hoses take place.

The engine does not develop a total power

Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of an electric equipment of the engine) takes place.
It is faulty докаталитический a ljambda-probe 1. The gauge of temperature of a cooling liquid (ECT) is faulty. The measuring instrument of weight of air (MAF) is faulty. Serviceability of functioning of system of resonant management by pressure pulsations in the inlet pipeline is broken; serviceability of functioning of the monitoring system of a detonation is broken.
The air cleaner is littered. Clear or replace. Spark plugs are faulty or the candle backlash (the Head Current leaving and service) is incorrectly exposed. The ignition coil (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) is faulty. There does not correspond to requirements level of liquid АТ (the Head Current leaving and service and Automatic transmission). Coupling (the Head Coupling, power shafts and differential) revolves. The fuel filter is blocked and-or the dirt/moisture has got to the power supply system (the Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases). Fuel not that grade is filled. Fill in in a tank fuel with demanded octaneым number. The adjusting valve турбокомпрессора is damaged. The activator of a cam-shaft of displacement of phases ГРМ is faulty. Passableness трёхфункционального catalytic the converter is broken. Insufficient or non-uniform on cylinders компрессионное pressure. Make the compression measurement which analysis of results allows to reveal presence of leaks of valves and-or infringement of tightness of a lining of a head of cylinders (the Head the Engine).

In addition for the diesel engine

The air cleaner is littered. Clean or replace. Non-uniform giving of fuel ТНВД on cylinders. Adjust on the heated-up engine. The moment of the beginning of giving of fuel ТНВД is incorrectly established. Establish. The fuel filter or ТНВД (atomizer) is littered. Wash out the preliminary filter, replace an element of the filter of thin clearing, clean a spray or replace the pump (atomizer). Adjustment of the maximum frequency of rotation of a cranked shaft is broken.

There are claps in system of an admission or shots in release system

Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of an electric equipment of the engine) takes place. Defect in a secondary contour of system of ignition (destruction of insulators of spark plugs or defects of candle wires) (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) takes place. The system of injection of fuel or its components requires adjustment are worn excessively out (the Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases). Depression losses on the throttle case, the inlet pipeline or through vacuum hoses take place. Valves (the Head the Engine) are jammed. The order of connection of candle wires (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) is broken.

At movement with acceleration or uphill there are detonation sounds

Bad quality fuel is filled. Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of an electric equipment of the engine) takes place. Spark plugs not that type are established. Check up candles and катушкина presence of damages (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine). Base installations of the block of electronic control are broken. The detonation gauge is faulty. Depression losses take place.

Takes place калильное ignition (the engine continues to work after ignition deenergizing)

Idling turns (the Head the Engine) are excessively high. Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of an electric equipment of the engine) takes place. The valve of a purge of an adsorber of system of catching of steams of fuel (EVAP) is damaged. The working temperature of the engine is excessive. The possible reasons of the given infringement can be decrease in level of a cooling liquid (the Head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner), thermostat refusal, blocking of a radiator or malfunction of the water pump (the Head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner).

The diesel engine smokes

Black smoke:
The air cleaner is polluted. Wash out and fill with fresh oil or replace an element. Inappropriate fuel is applied. Wash out a tank and replace fuel. The moment of the beginning of giving ТНВД is incorrectly established.
Dark blue smoke:
Oil burning in the chamber of combustion owing to deterioration of piston rings, high level of oil in an air cleaner, deterioration of epiploons in covers турбокомпрессора, formations of thinnesses in a lining between the block-karterom and турбокомпрессором. Repair the engine, establish normal level of oil, replace epiploons, tighten fastening bolts турбокомпрессора or replace a lining. Fuel to one of atomizers does not move. Check up on heating of final branch pipes of a collector. Bad dispersion of fuel by an atomizer because of malfunction of the valve or spray breakage. Grind in the valve or replace an atomizer.
White or brown smoke:
Low temperature in cooling system. Check up the thermostat. Bad work of atomizers owing to deterioration or spray breakage. Replace a spray.

Engine electric equipment

The battery "does not hold" a charge

It is worn out or damaged приводной a generator belt, or adjustment of its tension (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) is broken. Level of electrolit is insufficient or the battery (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) is strongly discharged. Corrosion of plugs of the battery or ослабло fastening on them of tips of wires (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) takes place. The generator does not provide a demanded current of gymnastics (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine). Electroconducting зарядного a contour or ослабло fastening of wires on plugs (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) is torn off or is in some other way damaged. Electroconducting short circuit creates constant leak of a current developed by the battery on weight (address to the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine and Basic schemes of an electric equipment). Internal defect of the battery takes place.

The control lamp of gymnastics does not die away at increase in turns

It is weakened приводной a belt. Check up натяжитель wedge a belt. Damage обгонной муфты. Remove the generator and turn a generator power shaft to the left. If the working surface of a pulley does not rotate, damage, as a rule, in обгонной муфте. Damage of a regulator of pressure/generator. Disconnect a wire (D ) from an underside of the generator and include ignition. If now the control lamp does not light up, malfunction, as a rule, in a regulator of pressure or in the generator. Deterioration of brushes. Visually check up brushes, if necessary replace. Wire damage between the generator and a pressure regulator. Damage of the block of the panel of devices.

The control lamp of gymnastics does not light up at ignition inclusion

The control lamp on the panel of devices (the Head has fused or has otherwise failed the Onboard electric equipment). The generator (the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine) is faulty. Defect of the printed-circuit board, conducting in the block of a control panel or a lamp cartridge (the Head the Onboard electric equipment) takes place.

The control lamp of gymnastics burns after ignition deenergizing

Diodes are punched. Check up diodes, replace диодную a payment.

Starter

Whether works a starter at full pressure of the battery, it is possible to check up as follows.

- Not including transfers, include ignition.
- Close plugs 30 and 50 starters a wire of section a minimum 4 мм², address also to materials of the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine.

If the starter works faultlessly, it is necessary to search for a cause of defect in wires to a starter. If the starter does not earn, it should be checked up in the removed condition.

Check condition: In places of connection of a wire should be well fixed and should not be oxidised.

The starter does not rotate at inclusion of the lock of ignition

The battery is discharged. Charge the battery. Close plugs 30 and 50 starters: If the starter rotates - breakage of a wire 50 to the ignition lock takes place, the starter switch is faulty. Eliminate breakage, replace defective details. Breakage of a cable or weight socket, the battery it is discharged. Check up cables and battery sockets, measure pressure of the battery, if necessary charge. Insufficient passage of a current owing to the weakened or oxidised sockets. Clear tips of wires and the battery plug, check up connections between the battery, a starter and weight. There is no pressure on the plug 50 traction relays. Wire breakage, the starter switch is faulty.

The starter rotates slowly and does not turn crankshaft

The battery category. Charge the battery. Summer oil is filled in. Fill in all-weather oil. Insufficient passage of a current owing to the weakened or oxidised sockets. Clear poles and battery plugs, check up connections between the battery, a starter and weight. Coal brushes do not adjoin to a collector, заедают in directing, are worn out, broken, made oily or polluted. Check up brushes, clear or replace. Check up the directing. Insufficient distance between brushes and a collector. Replace brushes and clear directing brushes. The collector in grooves or has scorched and was made oily. Process a collector or replace an anchor. There is no pressure on the plug 50 (minute 8). Check up the switch of a starter or the traction relay. The bearing is broken. Check up the bearing, if necessary replace. The traction relay is faulty. Replace the traction relay.

The starter seizes and rotates the engine jerky

The gear wheel drive is faulty. Replace a gear wheel drive. The gear wheel is polluted. Clear a gear wheel. The gear wreath of a flywheel is faulty. Process a gear wreath if it is required, replace a flywheel.

The starter gear wheel does not depart from a wreath

The drive of a gear wheel or carving are polluted or damaged. Clear or replace a gear wheel drive. The traction relay is faulty. Replace the traction relay. The returnable spring ослабла or was broke off. Replace a returnable spring.

The starter continues to work after отпускания the ignition key

The traction relay заело, is not disconnected. At once switch off ignition, replace the traction relay. The ignition lock is not disconnected. At once disconnect the battery, replace the ignition lock.

Electronic control system

The cold engine does not enter into a warming up mode

The gauge of temperature of cooling liquid ECT is faulty. The measuring instrument of weight of air MAF is faulty. Leaks in an inlet air path take place.

The heated-up engine does not leave a warming up mode, or the fuel expense is raised

It is faulty докаталитический a ljambda-probe 1. The valve of management is jammed by an adsorber purge in open position.

The engine pulls

The measuring instrument of weight of air MAF is faulty. Ignition low voltage; it is faulty докаталитический a ljambda-probe 1.

The electronic control system of an acceleration (ЕА) has passed in emergency operation

The rating value potentiometer in the gauge of position of a pedal is faulty. The potentiometer of an actuation mechanism of electronic control by an acceleration/tempostata/system of stabilisation of turns of idling (ЕА/СС/ISC) is faulty.

The power supply system

The fuel expense is excessive

The element of the air filter (the Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases) is polluted or blocked. Malfunction a component of the power supply system, an electric equipment or electronic control (the Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of an electric equipment of the engine) takes place. Leaks in system of an admission of air. Damages of system of release/kataliticheskogo of the converter. Pressure in tyres does not suffice or tyres not are established that size.

The diesel engine

Contamination of the returnable pipeline. Blow air the returnable pipeline from ТНВД to a fuel tank. Too high turns of idling and the maximum turns. Adjust. The engine has mechanical damages. Check up a compression, if necessary repair the engine.

Leaks of fuel take place and-or there is a gasoline smell

There are leaks in lines of giving of fuel or ventilating lines (the Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases). The fuel tank is overflowed. Refuelling make only before automatic switching-off of a pistol. Leaks or evaporations from lines of the power supply system and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases (the Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases) take place.

The engine is not started

At starter inclusion the electric fuel pump does not work (is not audible noise from work). Slightly knock on the pump case to release заевшую a detail. Check up, whether pressure is put to the pump. Check up serviceability of a safety lock. Check up electric contacts on good conductivity. The relay of the fuel pump is faulty. Check up the relay. Giving of a food from ECM is broken; the system of authorisation of the driver (DAS) is faulty. Залипли valves of injectors. Check up injectors, if necessary replace. Check up pressure giving on injectors. For this purpose расстыкуйте a socket of injectors. Attach диодную a control lamp to a wire and include a starter. The control lamp should blink. Ignition low voltage. There is no signal from the gauge of ignition of the Hall or the gauge of temperature of a cooling liquid. Check up electric wires. Poll memory of malfunctions. Are damaged, littered or негерметичны fuel pipelines, there are defects of hoses. The fuel filter is littered. Негерметична inlet system. Подсасывается additional air. Are damaged or негерметичны vacuum pipelines. The pressure regulator is damaged. Check up residual pressure. The gauge of position throttle заслонки is damaged. There is no food of the block of electronic control by the engine. Ice or wax presence in the filter or pipelines of the diesel engine. Ventilation of a fuel tank is hammered, the filter in a tank is littered. Preheat of the diesel engine does not work or is not up to the end made. The valve отсечки fuel of the diesel engine is damaged. The moment of the beginning of giving of fuel is brought down. Atomizers of the diesel engine are damaged. Turn on by turns накидные nuts and check up, whether the corresponding cylinder works. It is faulty ТНВД. The compression owing to excessive increase in pressure of oil is broken.

The cold engine is started badly, works unstably

Leaks in an inlet air path take place. Ignition low voltage. The gauge of temperature of cooling liquid ECT is faulty. Check up the gauge. The measuring instrument of weight of air MAF is faulty. Serviceability of activation of an injector and the control of duration of injection is broken. The maintenance WITH does not correspond to requirements. Check up the maintenance WITH and idling. Pressure of fuel does not correspond to demanded value. Check up pressure of fuel.

The warm engine is started badly, works unstably

Leaks in an inlet air path take place. Check up inlet system. For this purpose leave the engine to idle and cover places of consolidations and connection on an inlet path with gasoline. If the number of turns increases by short time, eliminate not tight places.

Gasoline steams are poisonous, do not inhale them.

Serviceability of activation of an injector and the control of duration of injection is broken. The return valve of the fuel pump is damaged. Leaks in fuel system. Fuel elevated pressure in the power supply system. Malfunction of system of catching of steams of fuel. It is hammered or crumpled returnable топливопровод to a tank.

The engine works with faults

Electric connections to the fuel pump interrupt from time to time. Check up a condition штекерных connections and sockets of electric wires of the fuel pump, a measuring instrument of a stream of air and the relay of the fuel pump. Check up a safety lock and places of contacts on the relay of the fuel pump. Clear contacts, if necessary replace. Poor quality of fuel, formation of steam stoppers. Fill qualitative fuel. Too low volume of giving of fuel. Check up productivity of the pump. The fuel filter is faulty. Replace the fuel filter. The fuel pump is faulty. Check up the fuel pump. Injectors are faulty. Check up injectors. The ljambda-probe is faulty, infringements in a chain of quality management of a mix or there is no heating of a ljambda-probe. The gauge of positions throttle заслонки is faulty. Check up the gauge of positions throttle заслонки. The final collector or reception pipe of system of release (there are leaks of exhaust gases) is damaged. Ослабло fastening of fuel hoses to ТНВД and to the fuel filter of the diesel engine. At connection are mixed by places submitting and returnable pipelines TNVD.

The engine works with faults on transitive modes and an idling mode

Негерметична system of an admission of air. Check up connections of inlet system. Start the engine and grease with gasoline of a place of contact and connection in a soaking up path. If engine turns quickly increase, eliminate негерметичность. Idling adjustment is incorrect. Check up an idling regulator, the gauge of positions throttle заслонки, ljambda-adjustment. The gauge of full loading is faulty or incorrectly adjusted. Check up the gauge throttle заслонки.

The hot engine is not started

Incorrect adjustment of the maintenance WITH. Check up the maintenance WITH and idling. Too a high pressure in fuel system. Check up pressure of fuel, if necessary replace a pressure regulator. The returnable pipeline between a regulator of pressure and a fuel tank is littered or will drive. Clean or replace the pipeline. The gauge of temperature of the engine is faulty. Check up the temperature gauge. Негерметична the power supply system. Make visual survey of all connections in the field of the engine and the electric fuel pump. Tighten all connections. Негерметична system of an admission of air. Check up all connections of inlet system.

The engine works after deenergizing

Негерметичны injectors. Check up injectors. On the diesel engine the valve отсечки fuel does not work.

Greasing system

The control lamp does not burn after ignition inclusion

The gauge of pressure of oil is faulty. Include ignition, disconnect a wire from the gauge of pressure of oil and close on weight. If the lamp lights up, replace the gauge. On the gauge pressure, contacts корродированы does not move. Check up electric wires and contacts. The control lamp is faulty. Replace a control lamp. The management block is faulty. Replace the management block.

The control lamp does not die away after engine start

Oil перегрето. Fur-trees the control lamp dies away after gas giving, to do it is required nothing.

The control lamp does not die away after giving of gas or lights up during movement

Pressure of oil too low. Check up oil level, if necessary add. Check up pressure of oil. The wire to the gauge of pressure of oil has short circuit on weight. Disconnect a cable from the gauge and take aside (without closing on weight), include ignition. If the lamp lights up, check up a wire. The gauge of pressure of oil is faulty. Replace the gauge.

Too low pressure of oil upon all turns

In the engine there is not enough oil. Add oil. The mesh filter is littered. Remove the pallet картера, clear the mesh filter. The oil pump is worn out. Remove the oil pump and check up it, if necessary replace. Damages of bearings. Remove the engine.

Too low pressure of oil upon small turns

The reduktsionnyj valve залип abroach because of pollution. Remove and check up the valve.

Too an oil high pressure at number of turns above 2000 rpm

The reduktsionnyj valve does not open because of pollution. Remove and check up the valve.

Cooling system

Overheat

Not enough cooling liquid in system (the Head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner). It is worn out or damaged приводной a belt of the water pump or adjustment of its tension (the Head Current leaving and service and the Engine) is broken. Internal channels of a radiator are blocked or is polluted the radiator lattice (the Head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner) (is blocked). The thermostat (the Head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner) is faulty. Are broken or треснуты fan blades (the Head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner). The fan gauge-switch is faulty. Check up: at short circuit of red-yellow and red-white wires of the gauge the fan should earn on половинной speeds. The index of temperature of a cooling liquid is faulty. Check up the gauge. The pump of a cooling liquid is faulty. Remove and check up the pump. Does not hold pressure a radiator cover. Make cover check under pressure.

Overcooling

The thermostat (the Head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner) is faulty. Indications of a measuring instrument of temperature are inexact.

External leaks of a liquid

Hoses or ослабло their fastening on unions are damaged or destroyed as a result of ageing of a material. Replace hoses and-or tighten collars of their fastening (the Head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner). Epiploons of the water pump are spoilt. In this case the liquid will exude through a control aperture in the pump case (the Head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner). Leaks from internal channels of a radiator or the lateral tank (ов) take place. Radiator repair Is required. Leaks through a drain stopper of the engine (the Head the Engine) or выжимные stoppers of water galleries (the Head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner) take place.

Internal leaks of a liquid

Leaks through a lining of a head of cylinders take place. Make check of system of cooling by pressure. There are cracks on a mirror of cylinders or in head moulding. For check disassemble the engine (the Head the Engine).

There are liquid losses

In system it is filled too much liquid (the Head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner). The liquid boils away as a result of an engine overheat. Internal or external leaks of a liquid take place. The radiator cover is faulty. Check up a cover pressure.

Liquid circulation is broken

The water pump does not function properly. Most easier to make sure of pump functioning, having pressed the top hose of a radiator at the engine working on single turns. If at отпускании a hose the push of a liquid in it is felt, the pump functions regularly (the Head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner). Passableness of system of cooling is broken. Merge a liquid, wash out system and fill with its fresh mix (the Head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner). If there is such necessity, remove a radiator (the Head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner) and spend it обратнопоточную washing. It is worn out or damaged приводной a belt of the water pump or adjustment of its tension (the Head Current leaving and service and the Engine) is broken. The thermostat (the Head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner) is jammed.

Heater

The heater fan does not work

The safety lock of the motor of the fan is faulty. Check up a fan safety lock, if necessary replace. The fan switch is faulty. Check up, whether pressure is put to preresistors, remove and check up the fan switch. The electromotor is faulty. Check up, whether pressure is put to contacts of the motor of the fan at the included ignition and the closed switch of the fan. If pressure is put, replace the motor.

The heater fan does not work on one of steps

The preresistor is faulty. Replace a connection payment.

The heater is not switched off by a regulator

The switch is faulty. Check up the switch. Cables adjusting mixing заслонки are damaged or badly mobile. Replace cables.

Too low capacity of heating

Too low level of a cooling liquid. Check up level of a cooling liquid, if necessary add. The block of management of a heater has a heavy course, is faulty. Check up the block of management of a heater, if necessary replace a cable.

Noise in the field of the heater fan

The dirt, leaves has got. Remove the fan and clean it, clear the air channel. Disbalance крыльчатки, malfunction of the bearing. Remove the fan motor, check up ease of a course.

Automatic transmission (АТ)

The shared problems connected with functioning of the mechanism of switching

It is possible to carry the following to number of the refusals connected with infringement of adjustment of draught of switching:
Engine start is possible at the positions of transmission which are distinct from “Р” (Parking) and “N” (Neutral). Indications of the indicator of position of transmission differ from really chosen transfer. The car moves at the transmission established in position “Р” or “N”. Transfers are switched hardly or any way.

Make adjustment of draught of a gear change (the Head Automatic transmission).

Transmission revolves, is switched hardly, publishes extraneous noise or does not provide car movement at installation on one of lobbies or a reverse gear

There is a set of the possible reasons of the problems listed in heading, however under the competence of the mechanic-fan one of them - wrong level трансмиссионной liquids gets only. Before driving away the car in a car-care centre workshop check up level and a condition трансмиссионной liquids (the Head Current leaving and service). Modify level according to requirements of Specifications or replace a liquid together with the filter. If a situation was not corrected, address for the help to experts.

Leaks трансмиссионной liquids take place

Liquid АТ has dark red colour. Traces of its leaks should not be confused to traces of impellent oil which can be taken down on картер transmissions by a running stream of air. For revealing and localisation of a source of leak first of all remove from a transmission boat all traces of a dirt and greasing. Take advantage approaching обезжиривателем and-or make steam cleaning. Then make on the car a short trip on small speed (that leak traces did not communicate a running stream far from its source). Stop, поддомкратьте the car and by visual survey establish a leak source. More often as those act:
The pallet картера transmissions: Tighten fixing bolts and-or replace a pallet lining. Tube of a gulf of a liquid: Replace rubber consolidation in a place of an input of a tube in картер transmissions. Lines трансмиссионной liquids: Tighten штуцерные connections or replace lines. Ventilating tube: Transmission is overflowed and-or water has got to it.

Oil has brown colour or smells as ashes

Low level of a liquid in a box (address to the Head Current leaving and service).

Mode Kickdown does not join by full pressing a pedal (the hill-climbing gear does not join)

Low level of a liquid in a box (address to Section Check of level of oil of automatic transmission of the Head Current leaving and service). Malfunction in a control system of the engine (address to the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine). Malfunction of the gauge or its conducting (address to the Head Automatic transmission). Adjustment of a cable of the selector (address to the Head Automatic transmission) is broken.

The engine is not started at any position of the selector or started in any position except Р and R

Adjustment of the gauge of the permission of start (address to the Head Automatic transmission) is broken. Malfunction in a control system of the engine (address to the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine). Adjustment of a cable of the selector (address to the Head Automatic transmission) is broken.

Transmission revolves, jerks or noise at a gear change. The car does not move at inclusion of modes D or R

Low level of a liquid in transmission (address to Section Check of level of oil of automatic transmission of the Head Current leaving and service). Malfunction of the gauge or its conducting (address to the Head Automatic transmission). Malfunction in a control system of the engine (address to the Head of System of an electric equipment of the engine).

Bridges

Extraneous noise

Usual road noise. To updating do not give in. Noise of tyres. Check up a condition of protectors and pressure of a rating of tyres. Bearings of wheels, or ослабло effort of their tightening are worn out or damaged.

Vibrations

1 Check up a condition of bearings of wheels, serially поддомкрачивая corresponding from corners of the car and rotating a wheel manually. Listen thus to sounds starting with the bearing. Remove bearings and check up their condition.

Oil leaks

Epiploons of power shafts (the Head Coupling, power shafts and differential) are damaged.

Brake system

The increased course of a pedal of a brake

The brake contour has failed. Check up, whether the brake liquid follows.

The brake pedal springs and fails

Air in brake system. Remove air from system. There is not enough liquid in the tank. Add a new brake liquid, remove from system air. Formation of vials of steam. It is shown, mainly, at the big loading on brakes. Replace a brake liquid, remove air from system.

Decrease in effect of braking, pedal fails

Негерметичность the pipeline. Tighten connections of the pipeline or replace tubes. Damage of cuffs to the main thing or working brake cylinders. Replace a cuff. In the main brake cylinder replace internal elements, if necessary replace the main cylinder. The rubber lining is damaged. Repair a support.

Bad braking, despite the big effort of pressing of a pedal

Brake overlays are made oily. Replace brake колодки. Are established improper or hardened колодки. Replace колодки. Address to section Acquisition of spare parts. The brake amplifier is faulty. Check up the brake amplifier. Are worn out brake колодки. Replace brake колодки.

At braking the car withdraws aside

Pressure in tyres does not correspond to the demanded. Check up and modify pressure in tyres. Non-uniform deterioration of tyres. Replace the worn out tyres. Brake колодки are made oily. Replace колодки. On one axis are established different brake колодки. Replace колодки. Address to section Acquisition of spare parts. Bad condition brake pads. Replace колодки. Mines of supports are polluted. Clear directing and landing surfaces pads in a support. Corrosion of cylinders of brake supports. Replace a support. Non-uniform deterioration brake колодки. Replace brake колодки (on both wheels).

Spontaneous braking

The compensatory aperture in the main brake cylinder is littered. Clean the main cylinder and replace internal elements. Too small backlash between приводным a rod and the piston of the main brake cylinder. Check up a backlash.

Brakes heat up during movement

The compensatory aperture in the main brake cylinder is littered. Clear the main cylinder and replace internal elements. Too small backlash between приводным a rod and the piston of the main brake cylinder. Check up a backlash. It is littered дросселирующее an aperture in the special valve on the bottom. Clear the main brake cylinder, replace internal elements and a brake liquid.

Brakes shiver

Are established колодки inadequate type. Replace колодки. Address to section Acquisition of spare parts. Brake disk in places корродирован. Carefully grind a brake disk. The brake disk has lateral palpation. A disk process or replace.

Brake колодки do not depart from a brake disk, the wheel is hardly turned by hand

Corrosion in cylinders of brake supports. Repair a support, probably replace.

Non-uniform deterioration pads

Are established колодки inappropriate type. Replace колодки. Address to section Acquisition of spare parts. The support is polluted. Clear support mine. Heavy piston stroke. Eliminate. Brake system негерметична. Check up tightness of brake system.

Klinoobraznyj deterioration brake pads

The brake disk rotates not in parallel a support. Check up surfaces прилегания a support. Corrosion in supports. Eliminate pollution. The piston works incorrectly. Check up piston position.

Scratch of brakes

Often reason in atmospheric influence (humidity of air). If the scratch appears after long parking at the raised humidity and then vanishes, anything it is not necessary to do. Are established колодки inappropriate type. Replace колодки, cover basis plates противоскрипной with paste. Address to section Acquisition of spare parts. The brake disk rotates not in parallel a support. Check up surfaces прилегания a brake support. The support mine is polluted. Clear support mine. Погнуты fastening springs pads. Replace fastening springs. Press springs are stretched. Replace press springs.

Pulsation of a pedal of a brake

ABS in operation. Normally, the help is not required. Too big lateral palpation or the admission on a thickness of a brake disk. Check up palpation and a thickness. Process or replace a disk. The brake disk rotates not in parallel a support. Check up a surface прилегания a support.

Control lamp ABS lights up during movement

Too a food low voltage (more low 10). Check up pressure. Check up, whether the control lamp of the generator after engine start dies away. If everything is all right, check up wedge a belt of a drive of the generator. Damage ABS. Check up reliability of contact and presence of corrosion of joining of weight at the returnable pump (in the hydraulic block).

Suspension bracket and steering

The car withdraws at movement in one of the parties

Tyres are pumped non-uniformly up. Defect of tyres takes place. Suspension bracket or steering components (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) are worn excessively out. Carrying out of adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels is required. Forward brake mechanisms (the Head Brake system) are taken.

Jerks, дёрганье or vibrations take place

Balancing of wheels is broken or there was an ovality of disks. Make balancing in шиномонтажной a workshop. Bearings of wheels are worn out, ослабло effort of their tightening or adjustment (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) is broken. Racks-shock-absorbers or other components of a suspension bracket (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) are worn out or damaged.

Excessive rocking of the car or “зарывание” his nose on turns takes place or at braking

Shock-absorbers of racks of a suspension bracket are faulty. Replace racks entirely (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering). Suspension bracket components are damaged. Make check of a condition a component (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering).

Too hardly the steering wheel rotates

Liquid level in the tank of system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel (the Head Current leaving and service) has excessively fallen. Tyres are pumped incorrectly up. Hinges of a steering drive (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) are insufficiently greased. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels is broken. The hydraulic booster does not develop demanded capacity.

Takes place excessive люфт a steering

Ослабло effort of a tightening of bearings of forward wheels (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering). Suspension bracket or steering components (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) are worn excessively out.

The system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel does not develop due effort

It is worn out or damaged приводной a belt of the pump of the hydraulic booster or adjustment of its tension (the Head Current leaving and service) is broken. Liquid level (the Head Current leaving and service) has excessively fallen. Passableness of hoses or lines of hydraulic system is broken. Check up, in case of need make replacements. Air has got to hydraulic system. Pump over system (the Head Current leaving and service).

Excessive deterioration of protectors (not in one any area) takes place

Tyres are pumped incorrectly up. Balancing of wheels is broken. Address in шиномонтажную a workshop. Disks of wheels are damaged. Check up, in case of need make replacement. Suspension bracket or steering components (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) are worn excessively out.

Excessive deterioration of protectors on external edge takes place

Tyres are pumped incorrectly up. Turns are too sharply made. Reduce speed. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels (excessive convergence) is broken. Address in a workshop for carrying out of professional adjustment. Will drive or is braided the suspension bracket lever (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering).

Excessive deterioration of protectors on internal edge takes place

Tyres are pumped incorrectly up. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels (divergence) is broken. Make adjustment in a car-care centre workshop. Components of a steering or ослабло their fastening (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) are damaged.

Local deterioration of a protector takes place

Balancing of wheels is broken. Are damaged or погнуты disks. Check up, in case of need make replacement. Defect of tyres takes place.

Defects of brushes of a screen wiper

Проскальзывание

Elastic bands are polluted. Clear elastic bands a rigid nylon brush and a solution of a washing-up liquid or spirit. Shabby edges of brushes, elastic bands are worn out or broken off. Replace elastic bands. The old elastic bands, the cracked surfaces. Replace elastic bands.

In the field of clearing the water rests gather at once in drops

The windscreen is polluted by varnish polish or oil. Clear a windscreen a pure rag with удалителем greasings, oils, силиконов.

The brush clears односторонне - in one party well, in another is not present

The elastic band is deformed in one party “does not overturn any more”. Establish a new elastic band. The screen wiper lever is braided, the brush not precisely adjoins to glass. Cautiously turn the lever, vertical position will not be reached yet.

Crude surfaces

The elastic band was pulled out from a frame. Cautiously insert an elastic band into a frame. The brush adjoins to glass non-uniformly as spring laths or plates are bent. Replace a brush. This malfunction, first of all appears at negligent installation of a spare brush. Force of pressing by the lever is too small. Slightly grease hinges of levers of a screen wiper and a spring or establish the new lever.

Defects of tyres

Strong deterioration of the tyre on both parties of a working surface

Too low pressure in tyres.

Strong deterioration of the tyre in the middle of a working surface, on all circle

Too a high pressure in tyres.

Non-uniform deterioration of a protector

Static and dynamic disbalance of a wheel. Probably too big lateral palpation of a disk, too big люфт in bearing hinges.

Non-uniform deterioration in the middle of a protector

Static disbalance of a wheel. The consequence of strong vertical palpation is possible.

Strong deterioration of separate places in the middle of a working surface

Blocking traces at full braking.

Sawtooth deterioration of a protector. Often together with rupture of a fabric basis which is not visible outside

Car overload. Check up an internal part of the tyre on basis ruptures.

Rubber uvulas at lateral edges of a protector

Wrong adjustment of corners of installation of wheels. The tyre is worn out. Check up also a condition of racks-shock-absorbers.

Formation of agnails on one party of a protector of a forward wheel

Wrong adjustment of a convergence. The tyre is worn out. Frequent movement on wavy surfaces. Fast movement on turns.

Cord ruptures. At first are visible only from within

Moving through sharp stones, blows of tyres, etc. on high speed.

Односторонне the worn out working surface

Check up disorder adjustment. Damage ABS. Check up reliability of contact of connection with the case at the returnable pump (in the hydraulics block).