Systems of ventilation, heating and air conditioning

The general information and security measures

The scheme of a contour of the conditioner of air

1 — the Fan 2 — the Evaporator 3 — the Broad valve 4 — the Tank 5 — the condenser Fan 6 — the Condenser 7 — the Compressor And — External air for condenser cooling	b — the Warm air which is taken away outside With — not cooled air going through the fan d — the Cooled air going to salon And — the High pressure, gaseous In — the High pressure, liquid With — Low pressure, liquid D — Low pressure, gaseous

The case of a heater with the heat exchanger and an additional heater

Elements of a central air of air of salon

1 — the Fan of an extract of air 2 — Compressor K/V 3 — Mufta К/В 4 — Kondensor 5 — the Gauge of temperature of air 6 — the Gauge of pressure К/В 7 — the Accumulator	8 — Spusknoj the valve of assemblage of the evaporator 9 — the Terminator 10 — the high pressure Valve 11 — the Valve of low pressure 12 — Zaslonka of giving/air circulation 13 — the Gauge of temperature of air in an inlet air line 14 — the Filter

Removal of the evaporator of the conditioner of air

1 — the Latch 2 — the Casing of heater К/В 3 — the Latch 4 — Zaslonka of giving/air circulation 5 — the Grid of an inlet air line	6 — a heater Radiator 7 — Central заслонка 8 — Zaslonka of heating of a foot well 9 — Zaslonka of adjustment of temperature

Address also to Section the Heater, ventilation and air conditioner.

Works with a central air should be carried out by experts.

Fresh air for heating and ventilation system is sucked in by the electrofan. Before receipt in salon air is cleared by filters of rough and thin clearing.

Air conditioner is capable as to warm up (in a heater radiator) and to cool (in the conditioner evaporator) and to drain air arriving in salon. In the crude weather, arriving fresh air preliminary it is cooled, then again heats up to the set temperature. Thus there is a condensation of an excessive moisture of air, i.e. its drainage. Thus it is eliminated запотевание glasses.

Then air is distributed on ventilating nozzles in car salon.

Through a heater radiator constantly there passes a hot cooling liquid of system of cooling of the engine. For regulation of the expense of air in car salon the built in fan of fresh air can work at several steps.

If fresh air outside does not to be sucked in, for example, at poor quality of air, the system can be switched to a circulation mode. In this mode in salon internal air circulates only. If it proceeds long enough time, glasses in salon mist over.

The conditioner consists of a heater and a refrigerator. A conditioner refrigerator - from the compressor, the condenser, a throttle, the evaporator, capacity with a coolant and pipelines. In system the coolant (type R134а) which, depending on temperature and pressure, can be in liquid or a gaseous state circulates.

The conditioner compressor is resulted in rotation from a cranked shaft of the engine by means of a ridge belt. He creates pressure to 30 атм. In a contour of cooling of installation owing to what the coolant representing gas, heats up. In the condenser the coolant is cooled by external air (not arriving in salon).При it разогретый a coolant is condensed, turning to a liquid. Having the big pressure, it is passed through a throttle therefore its pressure falls. After that the coolant evaporates, simultaneously strongly being cooled. In the evaporator the coolant selects heat from air blown through it. Air is cooled. Cooled air arrives in car salon. As a result of heating in the evaporator the coolant turns to gas and under low pressure arrives in the compressor then circulation process repeats.

If at work works with an electric equipment are in addition spent, it is necessary to disconnect necessarily a negative cable (-) the storage battery. For this purpose necessarily observe instructions Replacement of the storage battery Has undressed.

On models with the diesel engine the additional heating element which is coming into effect at low external temperature is established. The heating element is directly behind the heat exchanger. After engine start, depending on external temperature, it within several seconds heats up cold air arriving in the car.

If in a heater or climatic installation there is a malfunction, it is fixed in memory of malfunctions. The information from memory can be the device for reading of malfunctions считана.

To order the car can be equipped by the automatic, elektronno-operated conditioner at which temperature of air of the driver and forward passenger are regulated separately. In addition, through the connecting hose going from the conditioner to a ware box, the refrigerating box if it is available in a ware box can be cooled.

The mode of automatic work provides automatic maintenance of temperature in salon and deletes a moisture from air. Besides, air temperature, its quantity and distribution are automatically regulated and fluctuations of external temperature are compensated. In an economic operating mode the conditioner is switched off, but the heater and ventilation system continue to work. By switching-off of the conditioner the conditioner compressor does not work, therefore fuel is saved. At diesel engines additional heating, besides, is switched off. It also results economy of fuel.

Security measures at service of the air conditioner

The central air should be served by exclusively prepared technicians trained in safe working methods with application of the appropriate equipment with observance of rules of depressurization, acquainted with receptions of gathering and order of storage of an automobile coolant.

Do not suppose contact of a coolant to a skin. At work near to a central air put on goggles. At coolant hit on a skin or eyes do not pound the amazed place. Immediately wash out cold water within not less than 15 minutes. Immediately address to the doctor or in a medical institution. Self-treatment is not supposed. The coolant is stored in a new cylinder under pressure. Store a cylinder at temperature not above 50С. Take the measures excluding falling of a cylinder from height or other situations which can lead to its damage. Works should be spent in well aired premise. The coolant quickly evaporates, has no smell. Its accumulation leads to reduction of access of oxygen and difficulty of breath. The gaseous coolant is heavier than air and rather quickly should gather below, for example, under the car. At coolant combustion poisonous gas is formed. Store a coolant far from open sources of fire. Do not smoke. At using ardent течеискателем avoid smoke inhalation. At carrying out of welding works near to a central air to influence of a heat or an open flame. The overheat can lead to pressure increase in system and to ignition. Clearing of the condenser or the evaporator by means of water steam is not supposed. It is necessary to use only cold water or compressed air.